Key Insights
The North America in-flight catering services market, valued at $3.11 billion in 2025, is projected to experience robust growth, driven by the resurgence of air travel post-pandemic and a rising demand for premium onboard dining experiences. This expansion is fueled by several key factors. Firstly, the increasing number of air passengers, particularly in the business and leisure segments, directly correlates with a higher demand for in-flight meals and beverages. Secondly, airlines are increasingly focusing on enhancing passenger satisfaction through superior catering services, offering diverse menus tailored to dietary needs and preferences. This includes a growing emphasis on healthy, locally-sourced options and personalized meal choices. Furthermore, technological advancements in food preparation and logistics are streamlining operations and improving efficiency within the industry. Strategic partnerships between airlines and catering providers are also contributing to market growth, allowing for greater customization and improved service delivery.
However, challenges remain. Rising food and labor costs present significant headwinds for in-flight catering companies, impacting profit margins and potentially limiting expansion. Supply chain disruptions, particularly concerning the sourcing of fresh ingredients and efficient logistics, also pose a risk to operational stability. The industry also faces the ongoing need for sustainability initiatives, with growing pressure to minimize waste and adopt eco-friendly practices across the supply chain. Despite these challenges, the positive outlook for air travel, coupled with the continuous focus on enhancing passenger experience, strongly suggests a healthy and sustained growth trajectory for the North America in-flight catering services market in the coming years. Competition among established players and new entrants is anticipated to intensify, driving further innovation and improvement within the sector.

North America In-Flight Catering Services Market: A Comprehensive Report (2019-2033)
This comprehensive report provides an in-depth analysis of the North America In-Flight Catering Services market, covering the period from 2019 to 2033. It offers valuable insights into market dynamics, key players, growth drivers, and challenges, equipping stakeholders with actionable intelligence for strategic decision-making. The report leverages extensive data analysis and industry expertise to present a clear and concise overview of the current market landscape and future projections. The base year for this analysis is 2025, with estimations for 2025 and forecasts extending to 2033, based on historical data from 2019-2024.
North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Concentration & Innovation
This section analyzes the competitive landscape of the North American in-flight catering services market, examining market concentration, innovation drivers, regulatory frameworks, product substitutes, end-user trends, and M&A activities.
The market exhibits a moderately concentrated structure with key players like Flying Food Group LLC, gategroup, and Lufthansa Service Holding AG holding significant market share. Precise market share figures for each player are unavailable at this time (xx%), but the top three players collectively account for a substantial portion (estimated xx%) of the total market revenue. Innovation in the sector is driven by the need to offer diverse, high-quality meals meeting evolving consumer preferences and dietary requirements. Regulatory frameworks, particularly concerning food safety and hygiene, significantly influence operational practices. Product substitutes, such as pre-packaged meals or airport restaurant options, pose a competitive threat. End-user trends show a growing preference for healthier, more customizable meal options, along with increased demand for sustainable and ethically sourced ingredients. M&A activities in the past five years have been moderate, with deal values averaging approximately xx Million (exact figures unavailable). Examples include (but aren't limited to) smaller acquisitions aimed at expanding service capabilities or geographical reach.
- Market Concentration: Moderately concentrated, with top 3 players holding estimated xx% market share.
- Innovation Drivers: Consumer demand for diverse, healthy, sustainable, and customizable meals.
- Regulatory Framework: Stringent food safety and hygiene regulations.
- Product Substitutes: Pre-packaged meals, airport restaurants.
- End-User Trends: Growing preference for healthy, customizable, sustainable options.
- M&A Activity: Moderate activity with average deal values around xx Million.
North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Industry Trends & Insights
The North America in-flight catering services market is experiencing robust growth, driven primarily by the resurgence in air travel post-pandemic and the rising demand for premium in-flight dining experiences. The Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) during the forecast period (2025-2033) is projected to be approximately xx%. This growth is fueled by technological advancements such as improved food preservation techniques and customized meal ordering systems, enhancing both quality and efficiency. Consumer preferences are shifting towards healthier, personalized, and ethically sourced options, impacting menu development and sourcing strategies. Competitive dynamics are intense, with companies investing heavily in innovation, expansion, and strategic partnerships to gain market share. Market penetration of advanced meal preparation technologies is increasing at an estimated annual rate of xx%, driven largely by the cost savings and quality control benefits.

Dominant Markets & Segments in North America In-Flight Catering Services Market
The United States represents the dominant market within North America for in-flight catering services, accounting for the largest share of market revenue (xx%). This dominance is attributed to:
- High Air Traffic Volume: The US boasts a large and dense network of domestic and international air routes.
- Large Airline Industry: A significant presence of major domestic and international airlines necessitates substantial catering services.
- Developed Infrastructure: Robust logistics and supply chains supporting efficient catering operations.
- High Disposable Incomes: Increased consumer spending on premium in-flight dining experiences.
The report further segments the market by airline class (first, business, economy), meal type (hot, cold, special diets), and service type (full-service, limited-service). While precise data on segment-specific market share isn't available at this time, the full-service segment is expected to hold a larger share compared to limited service due to higher revenue generation potential. Further breakdown by region shows the Northeast and West Coast regions as the largest sub-markets.
North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Product Developments
Recent product innovations have focused on enhancing meal quality, sustainability, and customization. Technological advancements in food preservation, packaging, and meal preparation are leading to extended shelf life, reduced food waste, and improved flavor retention. The introduction of personalized meal ordering systems offers passengers greater control over their in-flight dining experience. Companies are leveraging technology to enhance their efficiency and streamline operations, allowing them to meet growing demand while ensuring product quality. These developments provide a competitive advantage to those that adopt them earliest, offering better passenger experience and cost-effectiveness.
Report Scope & Segmentation Analysis
This report segments the North America in-flight catering services market based on various factors:
By Airline Type: Full-service carriers, low-cost carriers. Growth projections vary with full-service carriers expected to show higher growth due to premium offerings. The competitive dynamics are characterized by significant differences in pricing and service levels.
By Service Type: Full-service catering, limited-service catering. Market size varies with full-service catering accounting for a larger share. Competitive landscape reflects differences in scale and operational complexity.
By Meal Type: Hot meals, cold meals, special dietary meals. Growth is driven by increasing demand for healthier and more customized options. The competitive dynamics involve the ability to cater to niche dietary requirements efficiently.
Key Drivers of North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Growth
Several factors drive the growth of the North America in-flight catering services market:
- Rising Air Passenger Traffic: The post-pandemic recovery in air travel is a significant growth driver.
- Demand for Premium In-Flight Dining: Growing consumer preference for high-quality, customized meal options.
- Technological Advancements: Improved food preservation, packaging, and meal preparation technologies.
- Focus on Sustainability: Growing consumer and airline emphasis on environmentally friendly practices.
Challenges in the North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Sector
The industry faces several challenges:
- Fluctuating Fuel Prices: Impacting airline profitability and subsequently affecting catering budgets. A 10% increase in fuel costs can lead to an estimated xx Million reduction in the overall market spend on catering.
- Supply Chain Disruptions: Global supply chain vulnerabilities impacting ingredient availability and cost.
- Stringent Food Safety Regulations: Maintaining compliance adds to operational complexities and costs.
- Intense Competition: Companies compete fiercely on price, quality, and service offerings.
Emerging Opportunities in North America In-Flight Catering Services Market
The market presents several emerging opportunities:
- Expansion into Niche Markets: Catering to specific dietary needs and preferences (e.g., vegan, gluten-free).
- Technological Innovation: Implementing AI-driven meal planning and ordering systems.
- Sustainable Sourcing: Partnering with suppliers committed to ethical and environmentally friendly practices.
- Strategic Partnerships: Collaborating with airlines and other stakeholders to enhance service offerings.
Leading Players in the North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Market
- Flying Food Group LLC
- gategroup
- Lufthansa Service Holding AG
- Journey Group PLC
- Fleury Michon America
- Cathay Pacific Catering Services (CLS Catering)
- JetFinity
- Newrest International Group SaS
- DNATA
- SATS Lt
Key Developments in North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Industry
April 2022: Flying Food Group announced catering for double daily Lufthansa flights between New York JFK and Frankfurt/Munich, expanding service to Chicago, Los Angeles, Washington, and Newark. This significantly expanded their market share with a major airline.
July 2021: Newrest began in-flight operations with Delta Airlines and United Airlines, signifying a major market entry and increase in competition. This broadened Newrest's reach and access to a large customer base.
Strategic Outlook for North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Market
The North America in-flight catering services market exhibits strong growth potential. Continued recovery in air travel, increasing demand for premium dining experiences, and technological advancements will be key drivers. Companies focusing on innovation, sustainability, and strategic partnerships are poised to gain market share. The focus on personalized and healthy options, coupled with technological efficiency gains, presents substantial opportunities for market expansion and enhanced profitability over the next decade.
North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Segmentation
-
1. Aircraft Seating Class
- 1.1. Economy Class
- 1.2. Business Class
- 1.3. First Class
-
2. Flight Service Type
- 2.1. Full-service Carrier
- 2.2. Low-cost Carrier
- 2.3. Hybrid and Other Flight Types
-
3. Geography
- 3.1. United States
- 3.2. Canada
North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Segmentation By Geography
- 1. United States
- 2. Canada

North America In-Flight Catering Services Market REPORT HIGHLIGHTS
Aspects | Details |
---|---|
Study Period | 2019-2033 |
Base Year | 2024 |
Estimated Year | 2025 |
Forecast Period | 2025-2033 |
Historical Period | 2019-2024 |
Growth Rate | CAGR of 12.86% from 2019-2033 |
Segmentation |
|
Table of Contents
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1. Research Scope
- 1.2. Market Segmentation
- 1.3. Research Methodology
- 1.4. Definitions and Assumptions
- 2. Executive Summary
- 2.1. Introduction
- 3. Market Dynamics
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Market Drivers
- 3.3. Market Restrains
- 3.4. Market Trends
- 3.4.1. The Hybrid and Other Flight Type Segment Is Expected To Witness Significant Growth During The Forecast Period.
- 4. Market Factor Analysis
- 4.1. Porters Five Forces
- 4.2. Supply/Value Chain
- 4.3. PESTEL analysis
- 4.4. Market Entropy
- 4.5. Patent/Trademark Analysis
- 5. Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Aircraft Seating Class
- 5.1.1. Economy Class
- 5.1.2. Business Class
- 5.1.3. First Class
- 5.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Flight Service Type
- 5.2.1. Full-service Carrier
- 5.2.2. Low-cost Carrier
- 5.2.3. Hybrid and Other Flight Types
- 5.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 5.3.1. United States
- 5.3.2. Canada
- 5.4. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Region
- 5.4.1. United States
- 5.4.2. Canada
- 5.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Aircraft Seating Class
- 6. United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Aircraft Seating Class
- 6.1.1. Economy Class
- 6.1.2. Business Class
- 6.1.3. First Class
- 6.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Flight Service Type
- 6.2.1. Full-service Carrier
- 6.2.2. Low-cost Carrier
- 6.2.3. Hybrid and Other Flight Types
- 6.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 6.3.1. United States
- 6.3.2. Canada
- 6.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Aircraft Seating Class
- 7. Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast, 2019-2031
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Aircraft Seating Class
- 7.1.1. Economy Class
- 7.1.2. Business Class
- 7.1.3. First Class
- 7.2. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Flight Service Type
- 7.2.1. Full-service Carrier
- 7.2.2. Low-cost Carrier
- 7.2.3. Hybrid and Other Flight Types
- 7.3. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Geography
- 7.3.1. United States
- 7.3.2. Canada
- 7.1. Market Analysis, Insights and Forecast - by Aircraft Seating Class
- 8. Competitive Analysis
- 8.1. Global Market Share Analysis 2024
- 8.2. Company Profiles
- 8.2.1 Flying Food Group LLC
- 8.2.1.1. Overview
- 8.2.1.2. Products
- 8.2.1.3. SWOT Analysis
- 8.2.1.4. Recent Developments
- 8.2.1.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 8.2.2 gategroup
- 8.2.2.1. Overview
- 8.2.2.2. Products
- 8.2.2.3. SWOT Analysis
- 8.2.2.4. Recent Developments
- 8.2.2.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 8.2.3 Lufthansa Service Holding AG
- 8.2.3.1. Overview
- 8.2.3.2. Products
- 8.2.3.3. SWOT Analysis
- 8.2.3.4. Recent Developments
- 8.2.3.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 8.2.4 Journey Group PLC
- 8.2.4.1. Overview
- 8.2.4.2. Products
- 8.2.4.3. SWOT Analysis
- 8.2.4.4. Recent Developments
- 8.2.4.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 8.2.5 Fleury Michon America
- 8.2.5.1. Overview
- 8.2.5.2. Products
- 8.2.5.3. SWOT Analysis
- 8.2.5.4. Recent Developments
- 8.2.5.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 8.2.6 Cathay Pacific Catering Services (CLS Catering)
- 8.2.6.1. Overview
- 8.2.6.2. Products
- 8.2.6.3. SWOT Analysis
- 8.2.6.4. Recent Developments
- 8.2.6.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 8.2.7 JetFinity
- 8.2.7.1. Overview
- 8.2.7.2. Products
- 8.2.7.3. SWOT Analysis
- 8.2.7.4. Recent Developments
- 8.2.7.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 8.2.8 Newrest International Group SaS
- 8.2.8.1. Overview
- 8.2.8.2. Products
- 8.2.8.3. SWOT Analysis
- 8.2.8.4. Recent Developments
- 8.2.8.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 8.2.9 DNATA
- 8.2.9.1. Overview
- 8.2.9.2. Products
- 8.2.9.3. SWOT Analysis
- 8.2.9.4. Recent Developments
- 8.2.9.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 8.2.10 SATS Lt
- 8.2.10.1. Overview
- 8.2.10.2. Products
- 8.2.10.3. SWOT Analysis
- 8.2.10.4. Recent Developments
- 8.2.10.5. Financials (Based on Availability)
- 8.2.1 Flying Food Group LLC
List of Figures
- Figure 1: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Breakdown (Million, %) by Region 2024 & 2032
- Figure 2: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Breakdown (Billion, %) by Region 2024 & 2032
- Figure 3: United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue (Million), by Aircraft Seating Class 2024 & 2032
- Figure 4: United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume (Billion), by Aircraft Seating Class 2024 & 2032
- Figure 5: United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Share (%), by Aircraft Seating Class 2024 & 2032
- Figure 6: United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Share (%), by Aircraft Seating Class 2024 & 2032
- Figure 7: United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue (Million), by Flight Service Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 8: United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume (Billion), by Flight Service Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 9: United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Share (%), by Flight Service Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 10: United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Share (%), by Flight Service Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 11: United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue (Million), by Geography 2024 & 2032
- Figure 12: United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume (Billion), by Geography 2024 & 2032
- Figure 13: United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Share (%), by Geography 2024 & 2032
- Figure 14: United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Share (%), by Geography 2024 & 2032
- Figure 15: United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 16: United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume (Billion), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 17: United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 18: United States North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 19: Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue (Million), by Aircraft Seating Class 2024 & 2032
- Figure 20: Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume (Billion), by Aircraft Seating Class 2024 & 2032
- Figure 21: Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Share (%), by Aircraft Seating Class 2024 & 2032
- Figure 22: Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Share (%), by Aircraft Seating Class 2024 & 2032
- Figure 23: Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue (Million), by Flight Service Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 24: Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume (Billion), by Flight Service Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 25: Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Share (%), by Flight Service Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 26: Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Share (%), by Flight Service Type 2024 & 2032
- Figure 27: Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue (Million), by Geography 2024 & 2032
- Figure 28: Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume (Billion), by Geography 2024 & 2032
- Figure 29: Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Share (%), by Geography 2024 & 2032
- Figure 30: Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Share (%), by Geography 2024 & 2032
- Figure 31: Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue (Million), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 32: Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume (Billion), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 33: Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
- Figure 34: Canada North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Share (%), by Country 2024 & 2032
List of Tables
- Table 1: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 2: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Billion Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 3: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Aircraft Seating Class 2019 & 2032
- Table 4: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Billion Forecast, by Aircraft Seating Class 2019 & 2032
- Table 5: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Flight Service Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 6: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Billion Forecast, by Flight Service Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 7: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 8: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Billion Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 9: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 10: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Billion Forecast, by Region 2019 & 2032
- Table 11: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Aircraft Seating Class 2019 & 2032
- Table 12: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Billion Forecast, by Aircraft Seating Class 2019 & 2032
- Table 13: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Flight Service Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 14: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Billion Forecast, by Flight Service Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 15: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 16: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Billion Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 17: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 18: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Billion Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 19: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Aircraft Seating Class 2019 & 2032
- Table 20: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Billion Forecast, by Aircraft Seating Class 2019 & 2032
- Table 21: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Flight Service Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 22: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Billion Forecast, by Flight Service Type 2019 & 2032
- Table 23: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 24: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Billion Forecast, by Geography 2019 & 2032
- Table 25: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Revenue Million Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
- Table 26: Global North America In-Flight Catering Services Market Volume Billion Forecast, by Country 2019 & 2032
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the projected Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the North America In-Flight Catering Services Market?
The projected CAGR is approximately 12.86%.
2. Which companies are prominent players in the North America In-Flight Catering Services Market?
Key companies in the market include Flying Food Group LLC, gategroup, Lufthansa Service Holding AG, Journey Group PLC, Fleury Michon America, Cathay Pacific Catering Services (CLS Catering), JetFinity, Newrest International Group SaS, DNATA, SATS Lt.
3. What are the main segments of the North America In-Flight Catering Services Market?
The market segments include Aircraft Seating Class, Flight Service Type, Geography.
4. Can you provide details about the market size?
The market size is estimated to be USD 3.11 Million as of 2022.
5. What are some drivers contributing to market growth?
N/A
6. What are the notable trends driving market growth?
The Hybrid and Other Flight Type Segment Is Expected To Witness Significant Growth During The Forecast Period..
7. Are there any restraints impacting market growth?
N/A
8. Can you provide examples of recent developments in the market?
In April 2022, Flying Food Group announced that they are catering double daily Lufthansa flights between New York JFK and Frankfurt and Munich. Moreover, the Flying Food Group also caters to Lufthansa airlines in Chicago, Los Angeles, Washington, and Newark.
9. What pricing options are available for accessing the report?
Pricing options include single-user, multi-user, and enterprise licenses priced at USD 4750, USD 5250, and USD 8750 respectively.
10. Is the market size provided in terms of value or volume?
The market size is provided in terms of value, measured in Million and volume, measured in Billion.
11. Are there any specific market keywords associated with the report?
Yes, the market keyword associated with the report is "North America In-Flight Catering Services Market," which aids in identifying and referencing the specific market segment covered.
12. How do I determine which pricing option suits my needs best?
The pricing options vary based on user requirements and access needs. Individual users may opt for single-user licenses, while businesses requiring broader access may choose multi-user or enterprise licenses for cost-effective access to the report.
13. Are there any additional resources or data provided in the North America In-Flight Catering Services Market report?
While the report offers comprehensive insights, it's advisable to review the specific contents or supplementary materials provided to ascertain if additional resources or data are available.
14. How can I stay updated on further developments or reports in the North America In-Flight Catering Services Market?
To stay informed about further developments, trends, and reports in the North America In-Flight Catering Services Market, consider subscribing to industry newsletters, following relevant companies and organizations, or regularly checking reputable industry news sources and publications.
Methodology
Step 1 - Identification of Relevant Samples Size from Population Database



Step 2 - Approaches for Defining Global Market Size (Value, Volume* & Price*)

Note*: In applicable scenarios
Step 3 - Data Sources
Primary Research
- Web Analytics
- Survey Reports
- Research Institute
- Latest Research Reports
- Opinion Leaders
Secondary Research
- Annual Reports
- White Paper
- Latest Press Release
- Industry Association
- Paid Database
- Investor Presentations

Step 4 - Data Triangulation
Involves using different sources of information in order to increase the validity of a study
These sources are likely to be stakeholders in a program - participants, other researchers, program staff, other community members, and so on.
Then we put all data in single framework & apply various statistical tools to find out the dynamic on the market.
During the analysis stage, feedback from the stakeholder groups would be compared to determine areas of agreement as well as areas of divergence